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- '\" $Header: /user6/ouster/tcl/man/RCS/SplitList.3,v 1.11 93/04/01 09:25:34 ouster Exp $ SPRITE (Berkeley)
- '\"
- .\" The definitions below are for supplemental macros used in Tcl/Tk
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- .HS Tcl_SplitList tclc
- .BS
- .SH NAME
- Tcl_SplitList, Tcl_Merge, Tcl_ScanElement, Tcl_ConvertElement \- manipulate Tcl lists
- .SH SYNOPSIS
- .nf
- \fB#include <tcl.h>\fR
- .sp
- int
- \fBTcl_SplitList\fR(\fIinterp, list, argcPtr, argvPtr\fR)
- .sp
- char *
- \fBTcl_Merge\fR(\fIargc, argv\fR)
- .sp
- int
- \fBTcl_ScanElement\fR(\fIsrc, flagsPtr\fR)
- .sp
- int
- \fBTcl_ConvertElement\fR(\fIsrc, dst, flags\fR)
- .SH ARGUMENTS
- .AS Tcl_Interp ***argvPtr
- .AP Tcl_Interp *interp out
- Interpreter to use for error reporting.
- .AP char *list in
- Pointer to a string with proper list structure.
- .AP int *argcPtr out
- Filled in with number of elements in \fIlist\fR.
- .AP char ***argvPtr out
- \fI*argvPtr\fR will be filled in with the address of an array of
- pointers to the strings that are the extracted elements of \fIlist\fR.
- There will be \fI*argcPtr\fR valid entries in the array, followed by
- a NULL entry.
- .AP int argc in
- Number of elements in \fIargv\fR.
- .AP char **argv in
- Array of strings to merge together into a single list.
- Each string will become a separate element of the list.
- .AP char *src in
- String that is to become an element of a list.
- .AP int *flagsPtr in
- Pointer to word to fill in with information about \fIsrc\fR.
- The value of *\fIflagsPtr\fR must be passed to \fBTcl_ConvertElement\fR.
- .AP char *dst in
- Place to copy converted list element. Must contain enough characters
- to hold converted string.
- .AP int flags in
- Information about \fIsrc\fR. Must be value returned by previous
- call to \fBTcl_ScanElement\fR, possibly OR-ed
- with \fBTCL_DONT_USE_BRACES\fR.
- .BE
-
- .SH DESCRIPTION
- .PP
- These procedures may be used to disassemble and reassemble Tcl lists.
- \fBTcl_SplitList\fR breaks a list up into its constituent elements,
- returning an array of pointers to the elements using
- \fIargcPtr\fR and \fIargvPtr\fR.
- While extracting the arguments, \fBTcl_SplitList\fR obeys the usual
- rules for backslash substitutions and braces. The area of
- memory pointed to by \fI*argvPtr\fR is dynamically allocated; in
- addition to the array of pointers, it
- also holds copies of all the list elements. It is the caller's
- responsibility to free up all of this storage by calling
- .DS
- \fBfree\fR((char *) \fI*argvPtr\fR)
- .DE
- when the list elements are no longer needed.
- .PP
- \fBTcl_SplitList\fR normally returns \fBTCL_OK\fR, which means the list was
- successfully parsed.
- If there was a syntax error in \fIlist\fR, then \fBTCL_ERROR\fR is returned
- and \fIinterp->result\fR will point to an error message describing the
- problem.
- If \fBTCL_ERROR\fR is returned then no memory is allocated and \fI*argvPtr\fR
- is not modified.
- .PP
- \fBTcl_Merge\fR is the inverse of \fBTcl_SplitList\fR: it
- takes a collection of strings given by \fIargc\fR
- and \fIargv\fR and generates a result string
- that has proper list structure.
- This means that commands like \fBindex\fR may be used to
- extract the original elements again.
- In addition, if the result of \fBTcl_Merge\fR is passed to \fBTcl_Eval\fR,
- it will be parsed into \fIargc\fR words whose values will
- be the same as the \fIargv\fR strings passed to \fBTcl_Merge\fR.
- \fBTcl_Merge\fR will modify the list elements with braces and/or
- backslashes in order to produce proper Tcl list structure.
- The result string is dynamically allocated
- using \fBmalloc()\fR; the caller must eventually release the space
- using \fBfree()\fR.
- .PP
- If the result of \fBTcl_Merge\fR is passed to \fBTcl_SplitList\fR,
- the elements returned by \fBTcl_SplitList\fR will be identical to
- those passed into \fBTcl_Merge\fR.
- However, the converse is not true: if \fBTcl_SplitList\fR
- is passed a given string, and the resulting \fIargc\fR and
- \fIargv\fR are passed to \fBTcl_Merge\fR, the resulting string
- may not be the same as the original string passed to \fBTcl_SplitList\fR.
- This is because \fBTcl_Merge\fR may use backslashes and braces
- differently than the original string.
- .PP
- \fBTcl_ScanElement\fR and \fBTcl_ConvertElement\fR are the
- procedures that do all of the real work of \fBTcl_Merge\fR.
- \fBTcl_ScanElement\fR scans its \fIsrc\fR argument
- and determines how to use backslashes and braces
- when converting it to a list element.
- It returns an overestimate of the number of characters
- required to represent \fIsrc\fR as a list element, and
- it stores information in \fI*flagsPtr\fR that is needed
- by \fBTcl_ConvertElement\fR.
- .PP
- \fBTcl_ConvertElement\fR is a companion procedure to \fBTcl_ScanElement\fR.
- It does the actual work of converting a string to a list element.
- Its \fIflags\fR argument must be the same as the value returned
- by \fBTcl_ScanElement\fR.
- \fBTcl_ConvertElement\fR writes a proper list element to memory
- starting at *\fIdst\fR and returns a count of the total number
- of characters written, which will be no more than the result
- returned by \fBTcl_ScanElement\fR.
- \fBTcl_ConvertElement\fR writes out only the actual list element
- without any leading or trailing spaces: it is up to the caller to
- include spaces between adjacent list elements.
- .PP
- \fBTcl_ConvertElement\fR uses one of two different approaches to
- handle the special characters in \fIsrc\fR. Wherever possible, it
- handles special characters by surrounding the string with braces.
- This produces clean-looking output, but can't be used in some situations,
- such as when \fIsrc\fR contains unmatched braces.
- In these situations, \fBTcl_ConvertElement\fR handles special
- characters by generating backslash sequences for them.
- The caller may insist on the second approach by OR-ing the
- flag value returned by \fBTcl_ScanElement\fR with
- \fBTCL_DONT_USE_BRACES\fR.
- Although this will produce an uglier result, it is useful in some
- special situations, such as when \fBTcl_ConvertElement\fR is being
- used to generate a portion of an argument for a Tcl command.
- In this case, surrounding \fIsrc\fR with curly braces would cause
- the command not to be parsed correctly.
-
- .SH KEYWORDS
- backslash, convert, element, list, merge, split, strings
-